The “veil of ignorance” is a moral reasoning device designed to promote impartial decision making by denying decision makers access to potentially biasing information about who will benefit most or least from the available options.

Masquerade is an independent territory with its own jurisdiction. There is no ability to contact the outside world. Tourism and visitation are strictly forbidden. In Masquerade, one’s personal characteristics, including looks, personality, ethnicity, gender identity, and talents, change every day upon waking up, involuntarily and at random (memories are retained as normal). "

Positivism in social science refers to the epistemological belief that there is an objective world that is observable and measurable. Positivists beleive there is objective knowledge which is verifiable and testable and furthermore the empirical (information on what is) is distinct from the normative (information on what it ought to be). Positivist social science methods tends to embraces quanitative methods and utilizes similar foundations of logic from the natural sciences i.e the scientific method. Interpretivism in the social sciences rejects notions that objective knowledge is achievable through scientific methods. Instead, interpretivists search for the meanings behind social phenoma; on how people assign and utilize meaning and understanding. Interprevists often utilize qualitative methods such as participant observation, field research, discourse analysis, and case studies.

Info Slide: For the purposes of this debate, countries which embrace the “politics of forgetting” actively attempt to move on from the past. Such measures could include: granting amnesty to party members of former regimes, dissuading parties from publicly commenting on previous authoritarian governments, refusing to build public memorials to commemorate past conflicts, and skirting historical abuses in the educational curriculum. By contrast, countries which embrace the “politics of confronting” actively attempt to deal with the past. Such measures include: prosecuting leaders of former regimes, holding truth and reconciliation commissions, eliminating party members of past governments from civil bureaucracies, publicly memorializing past conflicts, and focusing on historical abuses in public schools.

Ethnic enclaves are urban areas with high ethnic concentration that are culturally, socially, and economically distinct from the majority. Examples include Brampton, Ontario, Punjabi Market, Vancouver, Chinatown, Toronto, and Little Jamaica, Toronto.